Melanoma

  by Dr. Yiannis Neofytou

Melanoma

Melanoma is the tumor that results when melanocytes are altered. Melanoma mainly affects light-skinned people, aged 60 years and older. The strongest risk factors are individual history and the presence of multiple moles.

Melanoma usually manifests itself in the presence

of a lesion on a spot on the skin, which changes in size, color or shape.

For a

better description of these “alterations” the ABCDE rule is used:

A

asymmetry: when the two sides of the mole does not match

• B

border: the circumference of the mole has irregular edges

• C 

color – the lesion does not have the same color on the entire surface

• D

diameter: diameter, when the mole is larger than 6 mm. Although some

melanoma is smaller than this size

• E

evolving: development when the nevus has changed in size, shape, color or texture

over the last weeks or months

Prevention is done by avoiding sunlight from 09:00 am to 15:00 pm and using sunscreens with a high protection index. Existing moles require supervision by a dermatologist, who checks the characteristics of the moles as well as their development through photographs and dermoscopy.

Some of the treatment tactics that are followed, depending on the stage of the disease are: surgical resection, lymph node cleansing, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy.

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